Origins of Hot Jupiters from the Stellar Obliquity Distribution

The obliquity of a star, or the angle between its spin axis and average orbit normal companion planets, provides unique constraint on that system's evolutionary history. Unlike Solar System, where Sun's equator is nearly aligned with many hot Jupiter systems have been discovered large spin-orbit misalignments, hosting planets polar retrograde orbits. We demonstrate that, in contrast to stars harboring Jupiters circular orbits, those eccentric companions follow no population-wide trend stellar temperature. This finding can be naturally explained through combination high-eccentricity migration tidal damping. Furthermore, we show joint eccentricity distributions observed today are consistent outcomes migration, strict requirement invoke other formation mechanisms disk in-situ formation. At level, consistently shape dynamical evolution systems.